COURSE INFORMATION Course Title: GAME THEORY

Code	Course Type	Regular Semester	Theory	Practice	Lab	Credits	ECTS
ECO 334	B	6	3	0	0	3	6

Academic staff member responsible for the design of the course syllabus (name, surname, academic title/scientific degree, email address and signature)	NA
Main Course Lecturer (name, surname, academic title/scientific degree, email address and signature) and Office Hours:	Dr. Dritan Osmani dosmani@epoka.edu.al , Monday-Friday 8:30- 17:30
Second Course Lecturer(s) (name, surname, academic title/scientific degree, email address and signature) and Office Hours:	NA
Teaching Assistant(s) and Office Hours:	NA
Language:	English
Compulsory/Elective:	Elective
Study program: (the study for which this course is offered)	Bachelor in Economics (3 years)
Classroom and Meeting Time:	D 202
Code of Ethics:	Code of Ethics of EPOKA University Regulation of EPOKA University "On Student Discipline"
Attendance Requirement:	60%
Course Description:	This course studies the competitive and collaborative behavior that results when several groups of opposite interests have to work together. During this course, students will learn how to use game theory in studying situations of a potential conflict: situations where the final result does not depends on your decision and destiny but also on the actions of others. Applications are drawn from economics, business, and political science. There will be no "cutback" answers to these problems (unlike the majority of a person's decisions). Our analysis can only suggest issues that are important and provide guidance for appropriate behavior in certain situations. On the one hand, competitive analysis is delicate, vague, and often counter-intuitive; but on the other hand, it's interesting, challenging, and a good deal. This course will help students expand their exposure and improve understanding of competitive situations.
Course Objectives:

BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE COURSE

1	Game Analysis and Strategy
2	Combinatorial Games
3	Zero-Sum games
4	General Sum Games Nash Equilibria
5	Correlated Equilibria
6	Price of Anarchy
7	Cooperative games
8	Voting
9	Auctions
10	Fair devision

COURSE OUTLINE

Week	Topics
1	Game Analysis and Strategy --- Chapter 2 : In game theory, a player's strategy is any of the options which they choose in a setting where the outcome depends not only on their own actions but on the actions of others. The discipline mainly concerns the action of a player in a game affecting the behavior or actions of other players. Page (11-20)
2	Combinatorial Games ---Chapter 2 (continue) : Combinatorial games include well-known games such as chess, checkers, and Go, which are regarded as non-trivial, and tic-tac-toe, which is considered as trivial, in the sense of being "easy to solve". Some combinatorial games may also have an unbounded playing area, such as infinite chess. Page (21-51)
3	Zero-Sum games --- Chapter 3 : Zero-sum is a situation in game theory in which one person's gain is equivalent to another's loss, so the net change in wealth or benefit is zero. A zero-sum game may have as few as two players or as many as millions of participants. Page (53-61)
4	General Sum Games Nash Equilibria --- Chapter 3 (continue) : Nash equilibrium in game theory is a situation in which a player will continue with their chosen strategy, having no incentive to deviate from it, after taking into consideration the opponent's strategy. Page (62-94)
5	Correlated Equilibria --- Chapter 4 : In game theory, a correlated equilibrium is a solution concept that is more general than the well known Nash equilibrium. Page (97-130)
6	Price of Anarchy --- Chapter 6 : The Price of Anarchy is a concept in economics and game theory that measures how the efficiency of a system degrades due to selfish behavior of its agents. Page (131-148)
7	MIDTERM
8	Cooperative games --- Chapter 5 : In game theory, a cooperative game is a game with competition between groups of players due to the possibility of external enforcement of cooperative behavior. Page (151-177)
9	Voting --- Chapter 6 : In an election, a group of people decide some issue by counting votes. Elections lend themselves to the scientific metaphor of game theory: like games, elections have known rules, and there is usually a definite winner and loser or losers. Page (179-200)
10	Auctions --- Chapter 7 : A game-theoretic auction model is a mathematical game represented by a set of players, a set of actions (strategies) available to each player, and a payoff vector corresponding to each combination of strategies. Generally, the players are the buyer(s) and the seller(s). Page (201-232)
11	Fair division --- Chapter 8 : Fair division is the problem in game theory of dividing a set of resources among several people who have an entitlement to them so that each person receives their due share. Page (235-266)
12	Climate Games --- Chapter 9 : Game Theory and Climate Change develops a conceptual framework with which to analyze climate change as a strategic or dynamic game, bringing together cooperative and noncooperative game theory and providing practical analyses of international negotiations. Page (271-309)
13	Adaptive Decision Making --- Chapter 11 : The concept of adaptive decision is making is best understood as the mental process of effectively reacting to a change in a situation. In the simplest terms, it refers to problem-solving. Page (335-348)
14	Final exam

Prerequisite(s):	No Prerequisites.
Textbook(s):	Game Theory (2020). Michael Maschler, Eilon Solan, Shmuel Zamir.
Additional Literature:	Game Theory (Links to an external site.). Thomas S. Ferguson. Essentials of Game Theory (Links to an external site.). Kevin Leyton-Brown and Yoav Shoham. gametheory.net
Laboratory Work:	NA
Computer Usage:	NA
Others:	No

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

1	To distinguish a game situation from a pure individual's decision problem
2	To explain concepts of players, strategies, payoffs, rationality, equilibrium
3	To describe sequential games using game trees, and to use the backward induction to solve such games

COURSE CONTRIBUTION TO... PROGRAM COMPETENCIES (Blank : no contribution, 1: least contribution ... 5: highest contribution)

No	Program Competencies	Cont.
Bachelor in Economics (3 years) Program
1	Students define the fundamental problems of economics	3
2	Students describe key economic theories	5
3	Students critically discuss current developments in economics	3
4	Students appropriately use software for data analysis	5
5	Students critically contextualize the selection of an economic problem for research within scholarly literature and theory on the topic	3
6	Students apply appropriate analytical methods to address economic problems	3
7	Students use effective communication skills in a variety of academic and professional contexts	3
8	Students effectively contribute to group work	2
9	Students conduct independent research under academic supervision	3
10	Students uphold ethical values in data collection, interpretation, and dissemination	5
11	Students critically engage with interdisciplinary innovations in social sciences	3
12	Student explain how their research has a broader social benefit	3

COURSE EVALUATION METHOD

Method	Quantity	Percentage
Homework	10	2
Midterm Exam(s)	1	30
Final Exam	1	40
Attendance		10
	Total Percent:	100%

ECTS (ALLOCATED BASED ON STUDENT WORKLOAD)

Activities	Quantity	Duration(Hours)	Total Workload(Hours)
Course Duration (Including the exam week: 16x Total course hours)	16	3	48
Hours for off-the-classroom study (Pre-study, practice)	16	2	32
Mid-terms	1	20	20
Assignments			0
Final examination	1	30	30
Other	1	20	20
Total Work Load:			150
Total Work Load/25(h):			6
ECTS Credit of the Course:			6

CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE COURSE LECTURER

No Remarks.