COURSE INFORMATION Course Title: DEMOCRACY AND DEMOCRATIZATION

Code	Course Type	Regular Semester	Theory	Practice	Lab	Credits	ECTS
PIR 311	A	5	4	0	0	4	5

Academic staff member responsible for the design of the course syllabus (name, surname, academic title/scientific degree, email address and signature)	NA
Main Course Lecturer (name, surname, academic title/scientific degree, email address and signature) and Office Hours:	Dr. Reina Shehi rzenelaj@epoka.edu.al , Thursday 10:30- 12:30
Second Course Lecturer(s) (name, surname, academic title/scientific degree, email address and signature) and Office Hours:	NA
Teaching Assistant(s) and Office Hours:	NA
Language:	English
Compulsory/Elective:	Compulsory
Study program: (the study for which this course is offered)	Bachelor in Political Science and International Relations (3 years)
Classroom and Meeting Time:	Tuesday: 11:45-13:30_ Diversity meeting room; Wednesday: 13:45-15:30_D101
Code of Ethics:	Code of Ethics of EPOKA University Regulation of EPOKA University "On Student Discipline"
Attendance Requirement:	60% mandatory
Course Description:	The main objective of this course is to get students acquainted with the concepts of democracy and especially the process of democratization. It aims to teach the historical origins and development of democracy as well as introduce them to the voluminous literature on democracy and democratization. The main focus is to develop a critical analysis on why countries have different democratic regimes and how do democratic institutions function? Additionally, it examines the political, economic and social factors that help in embracing democratic reforms. Finally, it aims to give an overview of the different ways democracy is practiced around the world.
Course Objectives:	To conceptualize democracy and to learn about different forms and democratic systems. To emphasize the need to understand democracy as a process and assess factors and dynamics that not only advance it but also push it backward. To critically explore the relationship of democracy with the economy, education, civic culture, conflicts, and the overall international system.

BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE COURSE

1	Democracy
2	Democratization
3	Check & Balance
4	Freedom
5	Equality

COURSE OUTLINE

Week	Topics
1	Week 1: Introduction- Defining and Conceptualizing Democracy Arenilla M. (2010) Concepts in Democratic Theory. In: Rios Insua D., French S. (eds) e-Democracy. Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation, volume 5. Springer, Dordrecht Becker P. & Raveloson J.A. (2008) What is Democracy? Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/madagaskar/05860.pdf
2	Week 2: Democracy and the State Fukuyama F.(2013) Democracy and the Quality of the State, Journal of Democracy, Volume 24, Number 4, pages 5-16 Greven, M. T., & Pauly, L. W. (Eds.). (2000). Democracy beyond the state?: the European dilemma and the emerging global order. Rowman & Littlefield.
3	Week 3: Non- Democratic Systems and the transition to Democracy Inkeles, A. (1991) Transitions to Democracy, Society Volume 28, Issue 4, pages 67–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02695611 Carothers, Th. (2002) The End of Transition Paradigm, Journal of Democracy, Volume 13, Number 1, pages 5-21
4	Week 4: Democracy Promotion Wolff, J. & Spanger, HJ.(2017) The interaction of interests and norms in international democracy promotion, Journal of International Relations and Developments, Volume 20, Issue 1, pages 80–107 https://doi.org/10.1057/jird.2014.33 Babayan, N. & Risse, T. (2017) Transatlantic Democracy Promotion, International Politics, Volume 54, Issue 2, pages 221–237 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-017-0023-2
5	Week 5: Democracy Accountability and Representation Ribot, J. (2007) Representation Citizenship and the Public Domain in Democratic Decentralization, Development, Volume 50, Issue 1, pages 43–49 https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1100335 Peters Y. (2016) Zero-Sum Democracy? The Effects of Direct Democracy on Representative Participation, Political Studies, vol. 64, 3: pages 593-613.
6	Political Corruption and Democracy Georgiev P.K. (2008) Conclusion: Quasi-Democracies as Fields of Corruption. In: Corruptive Patterns of Patronage in South East Europe. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp 131-136 Warren M.E. (2004) What Does Corruption Mean in Democracy? American Journal of Political Science, Volume 48, Number 2, pages 328-343
7	Democracy, Government and Development Bellinger, N.M. (2017) Why Democracy Matters: Democratic Attributes and Human Well-Being, Journal of International Relations and Development, pages 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41268-017-0105-1 Przeworski, A. (2004). Democracy and economic development. Mansfield & R. Sisson (Eds.), The evolution of political knowledge. democracy, autonomy, and conflict in comparative and international politics, pages 300-324. Sirowy, L., & Inkeles, A. (1990). The effects of democracy on economic growth and inequality: A review. Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID), 25(1), pages 126-157.
8	Citizen Security, rule of law and democratization O’Donnell, G.A.(2001) Democracy Law and Comparative Politics, Studies in Comparative International Development, Volume 36, Issue 1, pages 7–36 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02687583 Johansen, R. C. (1991). Real security is democratic security. Alternatives, 16(2), pages 209-242 Caprioli, M. (2004). Democracy and human rights versus women’s security: A contradiction?. Security Dialogue, 35(4), pages 411-428.
9	Midterm Week
10	Sustainability of Democracy Leftwich, A., “From Democratization to Democratic Consolidation”, in Potter D., Goldblatt D., Kiloh M., Lewis P., eds. (1997) Democratization, Polity Press,Ch.21, pages 517-524 Kisielewski M., LeDoux T.F. (2009) Democratic Participation. In: de Rivera J. (eds) Handbook on Building Cultures of Peace. Peace Psychology Book Series. Springer, New York, NY, pages 153-166 Chou Ma. (2011), When Democracies Fail, Political Studies Review, vol. 9, 3: pages 344-356
11	Comparing Democratization Processes in the Western Balkans Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (2017), The Crisis of Democracy in the Western Balkans. Authoritarianism and EU Stabilitocracy. www.biepag.eu Soeren Keil (2013) Europeanization, state-building and democratization in the Western Balkans, Nationalities Papers, 41:3, 343-353, DOI: 10.1080/00905992.2013.768977 Krasniqi, G. (2013). “Quadratic nexus” and the process of democratization and state-building in Albania and Kosovo: a comparison. Nationalities Papers, 41(3), 395-411.
12	Democracy and Conflict Management Schults K.A., (2001) Democracy and Coercive Diplomacy, Cambridge University Press, UK, chapter 3, pg 57-84 Kinsella D., & Rousssea D.L., “Democracy and Conflict Resolution” in Bercovitch J., Kremenyuk V., & Zartman I.W.eds,(2009), The Sage Handbook of Conflict Resolution , Sage Publications, pages 475-492
13	Democracy and Crisis Ercan, S. A., & Gagnon, J. P. (2014). The crisis of democracy: which crisis? Which democracy?. Democratic Theory, 1(2), 1-10. Rynning, S. (2001). Providing Relief or Promoting Democracy? The European Union and Crisis Management. Security Dialogue, 32(1), 87-101.
14	Discussing the Future of Democracy Howe P. (2017) Eroding Norms and Democratic Deconsolidation, Journal of Democracy, Volume 28, Number 4, October 2017, pp. 15-29 Plattner M.F. (2017) Liberal Democracy’s Fading Allure, Journal of Democracy, Volume 28, Number 4, October 2017, pp. 5-14 (Article) Evans M. (2011) Just War, Democracy and Democratic Peace, European Journal of Political Theory, vol. 11, 2: pp. 191-208.

Prerequisite(s):	N/A
Textbook(s):	Potter D., Goldblatt D., Kiloh M., Lewis P., eds. (1997) Democratization, Polity Press in association with Open University, UK. Lijphart, A., (1999) Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty Six Countries, Yale University Press, New Haven Kaltsounis, T., (2010) the Democratization of Albania Democracy from Within, Palgrave Macmillan, Palgrave Macmillan US Zakaria, F.(2007), The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad, W.W. Norton & Company, New York; London Freedom House, https://freedomhouse.org/ Democracy Index https://infographics.economist.com/2017/DemocracyIndex/ World Justice Project, https://worldjusticeproject.org/our-work/wjp-rule-law-index/wjp-rule-law-index-2016 Corruption Perception Index, https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016 Global Peace Index http://visionofhumanity.org/ Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (2017) The Crisis of Democracy in the Western Balkans: Authoritarianism and EU Stabilitocracy. Freyburg, T., & Richter, S. (2010). National identity matters: the limited impact of EU political conditionality in the Western Balkans. Journal of European Public Policy, 17(2), 263-281. Keil, S. (2013). Europeanization, state-building and democratization in the Western Balkans. Nationalities Papers, 41(3), 343-353.
Additional Literature:
Laboratory Work:	NA
Computer Usage:	N.A
Others:	No

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

1	A description of the process of democratization and main theories of democracy
2	An analysis of the main steps of democratization: from transition to consolidation
3	A capacity to apply theories to understand worldwide case studies
4	Effective written and discussion skills by integrating and comparing different democracy related concepts and processes
5	An ability to think of future models of democracy and democratization

COURSE CONTRIBUTION TO... PROGRAM COMPETENCIES (Blank : no contribution, 1: least contribution ... 5: highest contribution)

No	Program Competencies	Cont.
Bachelor in Political Science and International Relations (3 years) Program
1	Having and using advanced knowledge and comprehension supported by textbooks including actual knowledge in political sciences and international relations literature, materials and the other scientific resources.	5
2	Analyzing data, ideas and concepts of current political issues and international relations, determining complex events and topics, making discussions and developing new suggestions in accordance with researches.	5
3	Having knowledge and thought about actual topics and problems together with their historical, social and cultural aspects.	5
4	Introducing those who are interested in politics and international events with the topics of Political Science and IR and teaching clearly the problems and the types of solutions.	4
5	Improving skills of working together with the main social science disciplines and other disciplines which are related to Political Science and International Relations.	4
6	Improving critical thinking and skills in making research independently.	5
7	Developing solutions about the problems and conflicts which are common in national and international arena.	5
8	Improving skills for leadership and research and analyze capacity of those who is responsible with national and international ones.	3
9	Knowing any foreign language enough to communicate with colleagues and understand actual researches and articles.	3
10	Gaining IT skills to use computer and technology) in order to reach actual knowledge.	3
11	Gaining skills to follow societal, scientific and ethic values during collecting, interpreting, conducting of data related to social and political developments.	4
12	Having consciousness about human rights and environment.	2
13	Gaining the skills to follow actual developments and pursue long-life learning.	3

COURSE EVALUATION METHOD

Method	Quantity	Percentage
Midterm Exam(s)	1	30
Presentation	1	15
Case Study	1	15
Final Exam	1	40
	Total Percent:	100%

ECTS (ALLOCATED BASED ON STUDENT WORKLOAD)

Activities	Quantity	Duration(Hours)	Total Workload(Hours)
Course Duration (Including the exam week: 16x Total course hours)	16	3	48
Hours for off-the-classroom study (Pre-study, practice)	2	16	32
Mid-terms	1	16	16
Assignments	1	12	12
Final examination	1	17	17
Other			0
Total Work Load:			125
Total Work Load/25(h):			5
ECTS Credit of the Course:			5

CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE COURSE LECTURER

NA